I’d like to make some important clarifications here which could be useful for understanding this topic. They might seem obvious for some of you, but not so for others.
I’ve never met people who wondered or explored what K. meant with “thought”. As with several other words, his use of this word is not according to the meaning of the dictionary or the commonly accepted meaning.
One dictionary I consulted gives the following definitions:
• the product of mental activity: a book on early Greek thought.
• a single act or product of thinking; idea or notion: to collect one’s thoughts.
• the act or process of thinking; mental activity; reflection: He was deep in thought and didn’t hear me when I came in.
• intention, design, or purpose.
Commonly we call “thought” the mental activity of creating and confronting ideas, reflecting, pondering, assessing, planning, and of course remembering.
Apparently that activity seems not responsible for violence, and that explains why innumerable philosophers and thinkers never blamed thought for violence. It’s true, as K. said, that ideas lead to conflicts and wars but one can say that it’s not the idea itself which prompts a violent action but only the associated emotions. So the response or the reaction to an idea like “nation” or “black lives matter” can vary from person to person according to his/her emotional charge. Not all the people are dragged to a violent emotion and so driven to violent action.
K. made a synthesis of all that stating that thought and emotions are the same thing or come from the same field. And this is not a notion commonly accepted.
K. often stressed the necessity to tackle life and its problems in a simple way so he strived to stay simple in his speeches. For him thought was simply the response of memory, of the past. Which obviously is true, yet it does not coincide with what we think thought is. Speaking of thought he included in it all those functions and activities that science attributes to the nervous system (which is much more than the brain). The nervous system is a complex recording machine and software creator. When we learn a skill, like talking, we accumulate and record a huge amount of information which then will allow us to speak. In practice all our actions are regulated by memory or better by this past recording. But most of those recordings and their action are unconscious while we usually refer to thought as something we do consciously. So K.’s definition is a simplification and a useful one. Useful because once we understand how to switch from the past to the present or the actual, our problems are solved without the necessity to delve into the complexities of thought/nervous system.
But if we stick to the notion that “thought” is responsible for the violence we see in the world, without realizing that in the word “thought” we must include a whole variety of automatic responses like emotions, protective reactions deeply embedded in the lower and oldest area of our nervous system, then our exploration or reflections will be useless. And by the way this whole variety of responses is what we call “the self”.